Racial and Ethnic Microaggressions Scale (REMS)
Racial and Ethnic Microaggressions Scale (REMS) used in psychology are essential tools for clinical and research assessments. This post is based on dissertations submitted by students during their academic programs. At ‘Mental Health,’ we arrange and provide these resources to you. Here is the complete list of resources (Click Here). To access these materials, click on the ‘Avail File’ section below.”
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About Racial and Ethnic Microaggressions Scale (REMS)
The Racial and Ethnic Microaggressions Scale (REMS) is a psychological assessment tool developed to measure the experiences of racial and ethnic microaggressions among individuals of diverse backgrounds. Created by Kevin L. Nadal in 2011, this tool provides insight into the subtle, often unintentional, forms of discrimination that impact marginalized communities daily. By systematically assessing racial microaggressions, REMS offers a valuable framework for understanding and addressing the effects of such experiences on mental and physical health.
Purpose of the Tool
The primary purpose of the Racial and Ethnic Microaggressions Scale (REMS) is to:
- Quantify the frequency and impact of racial and ethnic microaggressions on marginalized individuals.
- Provide a structured method for researchers and practitioners to assess these subtle forms of discrimination.
- Enhance awareness about the prevalence and types of microaggressions individuals experience based on racial or ethnic identity.
- Support mental health practitioners in creating interventions tailored to mitigate the adverse effects of microaggressions.
Through REMS, professionals and researchers can better grasp the pervasive and cumulative effects of these daily aggressions, helping inform programs aimed at reducing discrimination.
Description of Tool
Racial and ethnic microaggressions are brief, everyday exchanges that send denigrating messages to individuals based on their racial or ethnic identity. These interactions, though often subtle or indirect, can have significant adverse effects on individuals’ mental and physical well-being. Nadal developed REMS as a structured measure to better understand these experiences across racial and ethnic groups.
The Racial and Ethnic Microaggressions Scale (REMS) consists of 45 items that cover six domains of microaggressions, including assumptions of inferiority, second-class citizen treatment, and pathologizing cultural values. Participants rate the frequency of each experience on a Likert scale, providing a numeric representation of how often they encounter various forms of microaggressions. Examples include statements such as “People assume I am poor because of my race or ethnicity” or “I am ignored in groups because of my racial or ethnic identity.” By examining these responses, REMS highlights patterns in how racial and ethnic biases are experienced and perceived.
Psychometric Properties
- Reliability: The REMS has shown strong internal consistency, with each of the six domains demonstrating high reliability scores.
- Validity: The construct validity of REMS has been supported through extensive research, showing that the tool effectively distinguishes between different types of microaggressions and their impacts on various demographic groups.
- Factor Structure: REMS has a well-defined factor structure aligning with its six domains, providing clarity and precision in assessing various aspects of racial and ethnic microaggressions.
Age Group
The Racial and Ethnic Microaggressions Scale (REMS) is suitable for individuals aged 18 and older across various racial and ethnic backgrounds.
References
- Nadal, K. L. (2011). The Racial and Ethnic Microaggressions Scale (REMS): Construction, reliability, and validity. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 58, 470-480.
- Nadal, K. L., & Davidoff, K. (2012). The impact of racial microaggressions on the physical health of people of Color. 29th Annual Winter Roundtable on Cultural Psychology & Education, New York, NY.
- Rivera, D. P. (2012). Microaggressions and Health Outcomes for Latina/o Americans: Understanding the Influences of External Characteristics and Psychological Resources. Doctoral Dissertation, Columbia University. http://hdl.handle.net/10022/AC:P:14491
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Reference File: Aggression-A38
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