Impact of Event Scale
The Impact of Event Scale (IES) is a questionnaire designed to assess the psychological response to traumatic events. Its original version was introduced by Horowitz, Wilner, and Alvarez in 1979. The scale consists of 15 items that measure the intensity of intrusive and avoidant symptoms experienced by individuals following a traumatic event. The items are rated on a 5-point Likert-type scale, ranging from 0 (not at all) to 4 (extremely). The scale has been widely used in research related to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other traumatic stress reactions.
The reliability of the IES has been investigated in various studies, and high levels of internal consistency have been reported. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient ranged from .79 to .96 across different populations, indicating that the scale is reliable and consistent in measuring the same construct. The test-retest reliability of the IES has also been found to be high, suggesting that the scale is stable over time.
The validity of the IES has been established by several studies. It has been shown to have good convergent validity with other measures of psychological distress and PTSD symptoms. The IES has also demonstrated discriminant validity by differentiating between individuals with PTSD and those without it. The scale has been found to have good sensitivity and specificity, with a high degree of accuracy in identifying individuals with PTSD.
In conclusion, the Impact of Event Scale is a reliable and valid tool for assessing the psychological response to traumatic events. It has been extensively used in research related to PTSD and other traumatic stress reactions. The scale has high levels of internal consistency and test-retest reliability, and it has good convergent and discriminant validity.
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