Intrinsic/Extrinsic Religious Orientation Scale
The Intrinsic/Extrinsic Religious Orientation Scale (I/E-R Scale) is one of the most widely used measures for assessing religious orientation. The scale, developed by Allport and Ross in 1967, consists of 23 items that assess a person’s religious motivation and behavior. The scale is divided into two sub-scales: intrinsic religious motivation and extrinsic religious motivation.
Intrinsic motivation refers to a person’s identification with and personal commitment to religious beliefs, practices, and values. Extrinsic motivation, on the other hand, is more external in nature and refers to religious practices or beliefs that are motivated by some external source, such as social pressure.
The I/E-R Scale has been found to be a reliable and valid measure across a variety of religious groups and cultures. Internal consistency reliability coefficients range from 0.70 to 0.97 for the intrinsic sub-scale and from 0.55 to 0.80 for the extrinsic sub-scale, indicating a high degree of consistency in measuring the underlying construct. Test-retest reliability coefficients are also high, ranging from 0.68 to 0.89 for the intrinsic sub-scale and from 0.54 to 0.72 for the extrinsic sub-scale.
Furthermore, the I/E-R Scale has demonstrated good construct validity and discriminant validity. The intrinsic and extrinsic sub-scales correlate with other measures of religiosity, such as church attendance and participation in religious activities, in expected ways. For example, individuals with high scores on the intrinsic sub-scale are more likely to report attending religious services and participating in religious activities than those with low scores. Discriminant validity is demonstrated by the fact that the two sub-scales are correlated with different constructs, such as mental health and ideology.
Overall, the I/E-R Scale provides a useful and reliable measure of religious orientation that has been used extensively in research on the psychology of religion. It is a useful tool for assessing individual differences in religious motivation and behavior, and has been shown to be applicable to a wide range of religious groups and cultures.
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