Parental Acceptance – Rejection Questionnaire for Father Urdu
The Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire (PARQ) is a commonly used measure of parenting behavior, which assesses a child’s perceived parental acceptance or rejection. PARQ has been developed and applied to understand the nature of child-parent relationships and their linkages to factors such as personality, social and emotional adjustment, and psychopathology. The Urdu version of PARQ is an adapted version of this inventory used in Pakistan to understand father’s behavior towards their children.
The Urdu version of PARQ for father consists of 60 items. These items measure concepts of warmth, hostility, and rejection experienced by a child in his/her relationship with the father. The Urdu version of the PARQ, for father, is designed to address the cultural differences between Pakistani and Western societies, and thus reflects cultural sensitivity.
The reliability of the Urdu version of PARQ for father has been established by various reliable techniques. The internal consistency of the inventory is satisfactory with high Cronbach’s alpha values (α = 0.89). The test-retest reliability of the PARQ Urdu version is also excellent with a Pearson’s correlation coefficient of 0.90.
The validity of the Urdu version of PARQ, for father, has been established on different factors such as gender differences, the severity of child abuse, and education level of fathers. The findings revealed that different factors significantly impact paternal acceptance-rejection patterns. Additionally, the Urdu version of PARQ, for father, has also been validated against other established measures of parenting, providing impressive correlation coefficients with Pearson’s r ranging from .77 to .82.
In conclusion, the Urdu version of PARQ, for father, is a reliable and valid tool to assess the behaviors of Pakistani fathers towards their children. It has shown promising results in clinical research with non-clinical populations. The sensitivity of this inventory in the Pakistani context highlights the importance of cultural contexts in designing and validating the questionnaires.
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