Teacher Stress Inventory Urdu
The Teacher Stress Inventory (TSI) is a widely used instrument for measuring sources of stress and manifestations of stress in teachers’ work domains. Given the fact that teachers have been identified as one of the most stressed professions around the world, this inventory provides a reliable and valid measure aimed at understanding the unique aspects of stress that are associated with the teaching profession and possible implications for teacher well-being, student learning, and ultimately educational outcomes.

In the present study, the TSI was adapted and translated into Urdu for use with Urdu-speaking teachers. The adaptation and translation process was completed in two phases using the back translation method. This inventory is comprised of ten factors. Five factors measure stress sources and five factors measure the manifestations of stress which are specific to teaching. The source of stress measured includes workload, role ambiguity, perception of self-efficacy, lack of resources, and student behavior and discipline issues. As such, the TSI measures both contextual and individual factors that contribute to stress among teachers.
The psychometric properties of TSI Urdu version were found to be reliable and valid with an alpha reliability coefficient of 0.85. The internal consistency was further determined by inter-scale correlations and item-total correlations. Cross-language validity was also determined, which showed that the inventory is reliable and valid in measuring stress among Urdu-speaking teachers.
The development of TSI_urdu provides a valuable tool for measuring the stress levels and quality of life among teachers which can be useful information for organizational stakeholders to facilitate healthy workplace practices and to reduce negative outcomes associated with teacher stress, including burnout. It also emphasizes the importance of understanding teachers’ sources of stress in different teaching contexts and cultures where practices can be tailored towards reducing stressors and promoting healthy work environments.
In summary, the TSI in the Urdu language is a reliable and valid tool for assessing teacher stress. This adaptation provides a culturally adapted and psychometrically sound measure that can be used to inform educational policies, planning, and interventions aimed at enhancing teacher well-being, and promoting positive student outcomes.
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